Expansion valve with automatic temperature compensation



July 5, 1938. J; D 2,122,931

EXPANSION VALVE WITH AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION Filed July 9, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet l 3mm WAQAOM EXPANSION VALVE WITH AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION Filed July 9, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 3mm W63 M July 5, v1938. J. E. DUBE 2,122,931

EXPANSION VALVE WITH AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION Filed July 9, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 J06 l -11 if? Patented July 5, 1938 PATENT OFFICE EXPANSION VALVE WITH AUTOMATIC TEM- PERATURE COMPENSATION John E. Dube, Knoxville, Tenn, assignor to The Fulton Sylphon Company, Knoxville, Tenn., a corporation of Delaware Application July 9, 1934, Serial No. 734,342

14 Claims.

This invention relates to temperature compensometimes desirable to vary the pressure in the evaporator as the temperature of the atmosphere outside of the space cooled by the evaporator increases and decreases, reducing the absolute pressure in the evaporator with increase of said atmospheric temperature and vice versa.

The present invention has for its object'to provide automatic means for varying the pressure in the evaporator upon changes of atmospheric temperature.

Another object of this invention is to provide a device of the type characterized which is simple in construction, eiflcient in operation, inexpensive to manufacture, easy to adjust, and sensitive and accurate in determining the change in evaporator pressure that shall accompany changes of atmospheric temperature.

Other objects will appear as the description of theinvention proceeds.

The invention is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions, two of which are shown on the accompanying drawings, but it is to be expressly understood that the drawings are for purposes of illustration only, and are not to be construed as a definition of the limits of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims for that purpose.

In said drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate schematically two embodiments ofthe present invention, said figures showing the relationship and form of the parts of structures which will automatically vary the pressure in the evaporator of a refrigerating machine upon changes in atmospheric temperature, but without attempting 'to show the parts in their proportions as to di men-sions, volumes, sizes, etc.; and

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a refrigerating machine equipped with the present invention.

In the form shown in Fig. 1, a valve casing I of any suitable size, construction and material has suitably attached thereto, as by the coupling 2, an inlet pipe 3 for the liquid refrigerant, said pipe communicating with a recess 4 in which is disposed a strainer 5. From the recess 4 a passage 6 leads to a chamber I in which the valve mechanism to be described is located. Suitably formed in a wall of said chamber 1 is a valve port and valve seat, here shown as provided by a thimble 8 threaded into an aperture in the wall of casing I. Valve port 9 communicates with a chamber II) from which leads a passage II that communicates with any suitable conduit for conveying the refrigerant to the evaporator.

Chamber It), as here shown, is formed by an external generally cup-shaped rigid wall i 2 which is suitably attached, as by soldering or brazing, to a rib l3 on the valve casing I. Within said wall I! is a pressure responsive member,

here shown as a deeply corrugated, expansibie and collapsible, tubular metal wall or bellows I 4 having one end suitably sealed in an aperture of the wall I! and its opposite end suitably connected to or formed integrally with a relatively rigid end wall I 5, here shown as provided with a centrally depressed portion l6. Thus the end wall I is subjected to the pressure in the chamber l0, which in turn is substantially the pressure in the evaporator, and owing to the flexibility of the tubular wall l4 said end wall l5 may move in response to changes of pressure in the evap-, orator.

Pressure responsive wall I5 is loaded by a coil spring I! which reacts between said movable end wall l5 and an abutment l8, preferably made adjustable so as to predetermine the pressure exerted on said end wall l5. As here shown said coil spring I1 is centered by the depressed portion It of the wall l5 and by a projection l9 on said abutment l8. Abutment I8 is illustrated as in the form of a screw having a suitable keri' in its end whereby it may be engaged by a screw driver or other suitable tool for threading the same into or out of an aperture 2| formed in a housing 22 which surrounds the pressure responsive device heretofore described and which is shown as attached to the valve casing I, by a threaded connection 23.

Cooperating with the valve seat 8 is a valve member 24, here shown in the form of a cone, and projecting therefrom through the valve port 9 is a stem 25 which engages in the depression IS in the end wall l5. Valve member 24 has formed thereon orsuitably attached thereto a flange 26 and a rearwardly extending spindle 21 which is guided in the recess 28 of a flanged sleeve 29. Interposed between the flange 30 of member 24 is a second coil spring 3| which acts in opposition to the coil spring I1 and tends to move the valve member 24' toward its seat.

Cooperating with the outer end of said sleeve 29, which constitutes a movable abutment for the spring 3 I, is the end wall 32 of a motor element of a thermostatic device, said end wall being shown as recessed to receive the end of said sleeve 29. Said motor element as here shown is formed by a deeply corrugated, expansible and collapsible, tubular metal wall or bellows 33 suitably attached to said recessed end wall 32, as by soldering or brazing, and having its opposite end suitably'attached, as by soldering or brazing, to a ledge or rib 34 formed on a threaded plug 35 which closes the end of the chamber 1. Plug 35 has a passage 36 extending therethrough, and suitably attached in or to said plug, and communicating with said motor element 33, is a capillary tube ,31 which leads to and communicates with a bulb 38, of any suitable size, construction and character, which is designed to be suitably mounted where it is subjected to the temperatureof the atmosphere. Bulb 38, capillary tube 31 and the motor element 33 are completely filled with an expansible liquid, and in order to minimize error in the response of the thermostatic device to the temperature of the atmosphere the volume of the motor element 33 and the capillary tube 31 should be kept at a minimum.

Fig. 3 illustrates diagrammatically an embodiment of the present invention applied to the regulation of the evaporator pressure in a conventional.

refrigerating system wherein the space or box Hill of a refrigerating machine is shown as containing an evaporator IDI in communication with the casing I02 of a temperature compensated pressure controlling valve of the present invention, the same having a bulb I03, comparable to bulb 38 of Fig. 1, subjected to the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space I00. The system as illustrated also includes the usual or any suitable compressor I04, driven by motor I05 under the control of a thermostatic switch I 06, receiver I01 and condenser I08 communicating with evaporator IUI through suitable piping I09.

In operation, the pressure responsive device is subjected to the pressure in the chamber I0, here designated 12, and as before noted this is substantially the pressure in the evaporator. In addition to the pressure p, wall I5 is subjected to the pressure or the coil. spring I1 and, through valve member 24' and spindle 25, to the pressure of the coil spring 3|. Therefore, the pressure p, when the pressures are balanced, is equal to the difierence between the pressures exerted by the coil springs I1 and 3I,- and the desired pressure to be maintained in the chamber I 0 can be determined by rotating the threaded abutment I8 so as to adjust the tension of the spring I1 until the desired difference in pressure exists between the springs I1 and 3|. Ii'thereafter the pressure in the chamber III tends to increase the end wall I5 is moved against the tension of the spring I1 by the combined action ofsaid pressure and the pressure of spring 3|, spring 3| moving the valve member 24 toward its seat 8 until a new balance is established. If the pressure in the chamber l0 decreases end wall I5 is moved by the spring |1 against the tension of the spring 3| and said pressure to open valve 24 until a new balance is established.

To vary the pressure p automatically with changes in the temperature of the atmosphere, the tension of the spring 3| is automatically varied said sleeve 23 and the flange 26 of said valve to change the difference in pressure exerted by the springs I1 and 3|, and inasmuch as it is desired that the pressure p be lowered with an increase in atmospheric temperature, the pressure exerted by the spring 3| should be increased with 5 increases in atmospheric temperature to decrease the difference in the pressures exertediby said springs. This is effected by the mechanism'of the present invention, because under increase. in atmospheric temperature the liquid in the bulb 33 l expands, and as said bulb, the capillary tube 31 and the motor element 33 are completely filled with said liquid, said expansion produces an expansion of the motor element 33, moving the flanged sleeve element 29 and increasing the ten- 1.

sion of the spring 3|.

This increase in the tension of the spring 3| is thus equivalent to a decrease in the tension of the spring I1 which is to balance the pressure p onthe end wall I5. Hence a new condition of balance 2 is set up whereby the valve member 24 is moved to open and close the port in seat 8 to maintain a new pressure p which is lower than that formerly existing. As the lower pressure is accompanied by a lower temperature the differential in tempera- 2 ture or heat gradient between the evaporator and the chamber being cooled thereby is increased, and greater inflow of heat into said chamber due to the increased atmospheric temperature is thus compensated for. 3

Conversely, a decrease in atmospheric temperature causes a contraction in volume of the liquid in said thermostatic device and a consequent decrease in the tension of said spring 3 I. Hence the pressure 12 that is maintained in the chamber III 3 is automatically decreased and increased with increase and decrease of the atmospheric temperature, respectively, because the difierence in presof equilibrium.

Whereas in the embodiment of Fig. 1 the fluid pressure maintained by the pressure responsive device is determined by the difierential pressure existing between the oppositely acting resilient means, and the temperature compensating device varies said differential, the fluid pressure maintained by the pressure responsive device may be determined by'the tension of asingle resilient means, and the temperature compensation may be effected entirely independently of the pressure responsive device, by varying the distance between the relatively movable valve member and its valve seat so as to vary theextent to which the resilient means must be flexed in order to bring about a predetermined change of pressure. An embodiment of the invention, operating in the manner last'referred to is shown in Fig. 2. g

In this embodiment a valve casing 40 of any suitable size, construction and material has a suitable inlet connection for the liquid refrigerant, shown' at 4|, leading to a valve port 42 formed in a valve seat 43 integrally formed in or suitably mounted on the valve casing 43. Valve port42 communicates with a chamber 44 1 in casing 40, and leading from said chamber 44 is an outlet connection 45 of any suitable character that is adapted to be connected to the evaporator; v

As here shown, valve casing 40 is a generally cylindrical member threaded at one end as shown at 46, and mounted on said casing by said threads 46 is an end member 41 having an interiorly threaded aperture 48. Threaded into 'said aperture 48 is an exteriorly threaded tubular member 49 having an inwardly directed flange 56 at its inner end and having suitably secured to its opposite end a hand grasp here shown as a cup-shaped member suitably attached to the end of the threaded .member 49 as by soldering or brazing. The inner end of said handgrasp 5| has an inwardly directed flange 52 adapted to act as a stop for a spring-retaining plate 53. Interposed between said spring-retaining plate 53 and a second spring-retaining plate 54, which is designed to be seated on the inwardly directed flange 56, is a coil spring 55 for predetermining the pressure to be maintained by the pressure responsive device.

Said pressure responsive device, as in the embodiment of Fig. 1, is an expansible and collapsible member, shown as a deeply corrugated, tubular metal wall or bellows 56 having its outer end suitably attached, as by soldering or brazing, to a flange member 51 which in turn is suitably attached, as by soldering or brazing, to the end of the casing 46. The opposite end of said expansible and collapsible member 56 has integral therewith or suitably attached thereto a movable end wall 58 subjected to the pressure within the chamber 44. Attached to said wall 58 exteriorly thereof is an actuating post 59 and attached to said wall 56 interiorly thereof is a stem 60, here shown as threaded into said post 59 so as to clamp the end wall 58 between the two. Stem 66 has a shoulder 6i to which the spring-retaining plate 53 is clamped by nut 62 threaded on the projecting end 63 thereof, and the tension of the spring 55 may therefore be varied by threading the member 49 into and out of its aperture 48.

A cover 64 for the adjusting mechanism, preferably made of rubber, may be suitably mounted on the member 41 so as to exclude atmospheric moisture and avoid interference with and when the pressure responsive device is in equilibrium the pressure of the fluid in the chamber 44 as applied to the end wall 58 and indicated by p is balanced by atmospheric pressure and the resiliency of said spring 55.

Suitably attached to the post 59, as by a cross pin 65 projecting through an aperture in said post, is a yoke 66 having its opposite end provided with an interiorly threaded opening 61 in which is mounted the threaded stem 68 of a valve member 69 movable toward and away from the valve seat 43. within the chamber 44 is varied yoke 66 is moved by or against the tension of spring 55 to re-position the valve member 69 with respect to its seat 43 and reestablish a balanced pressure on the end wall 58. Thus if the pressure in the chamber 44.tends to increase, end wall 56 is moved upwardly, as viewed in the figure, by the spring 55, thereby moving valve member 69 toward its seat and decreasing the admission of refrigerant to chamber 44 until equilibrium is reestablished;

Therefore, as the pressure g to decrease end wall 58 is moved downwardly, as viewed in said figure, against the tension of spring 55, and valve member 69 is moved away from its seat, admitting more liquid refrigerant, until equilibrium is reestablished.

In order to adjust the-pressure within the chamber 44 in accordance with changes of atmospheric temperature, means are provided for varying the relationship between the valve member 69 and its seat 43 independently of the operation of the pressure responsive device heretofore described. To this end an expansible and collapsible motor element is interposed between the threaded stem 68 and the valve member 69, said expansible and collapsible element being shown as formed by a deeplycorrugated tubular metal wall or bellows l6, suitably attached to or formed integrally with end walls H and 12 respectively connected in any suitable way to said valve member 69 and said threaded stem 68. Interposed between end wall H and a transverse member 13 attached to the yoke 66 in any suitable way is a coil spring 14 which imposes a predetermined tension on the expansible and collapsible element 16, said transverse member 13 being provided with an aperture 15 through member 86 for the casing 46, attached to said.

casing in any suitable way, and communicates with a bulb M of any suitable size, construction and character and designed ta be mounted in any suitable way where it responds to changes in atmospheric temperature. As in the embodiment of Fig. 1, expansible and collapsible chamber 16 and capillary tube 11 should have a minimum volume, and said chamber and capillary tube and the bulb 6| are completely filled with an expansible liquid.

Upon an increase of atmospheric temperature the expansible liquid in the bulb 8| expands, causing an expansion of the chamber 16 against the tension of the spring 14 and moving the valve member 69 nearer to its seat 43, whereby a lower pressure is maintained in the chamber 44 since a greater tension of the spring 55 is required to effect a predetermined opening of the valve. Conversely, a contraction of the liquid in the bulb 8| results in a collapse of the chamber 16 under the action of the spring 14, and the valve member 69 is moved to a position more remote from its valve seat 43, whereby a higher pressure is maintained in the chamber 44 since a smaller tensioning of the valve 55 is required in order to obtain the predetermined valve opening.

In order to' provide a seal where the valve stem 66 and capillary tube 11 pass through the end of the casng 46. and also to avoid the need for a lock nut on the stem 68, a bellows seal 62 is provided between the stem 68 and the end of suitably attached, as by soldering or brazing, to end flanges 83 and 84, although one or both of said flanges may be formed integrally with the bellows 82 if preferred, and flange 83 is suitably attached to the stem 68, as by soldering or brazing, while flange 84 is clamped in a fluidtight manner between a shoulder on the casing 40 and a ring nut 85 threaded into a threaded aperture in the end of the casing. When ring nut 85 is loosened the exteriorly projecting end of the stem 68 may be rotated so as to adjust the position of the stem 68 with respect to the yoke 66 and thereby initially predetermine the 7 position of the valve member 68 with respect to in the embodiment of Fig. l, and the adjustment s The pressure to be maintained maybe initially I peratureof the atmosphere outside of said space for compensating for changes in atmospheric temperature are effected entirely independently of the pressure responsive device instead of by adjustment of the differential of the oppositely acting resilient means which predetermine the effective fluid pressure as in the embodiment of Fig. 1, but as in the embodiment of Fig. l the pressure to be maintained in the evaporator is determined by the adjustment of an abutment for the resilient means acting on the pressure responsive member, and the pressure within the chamber 44 is automatically varied with changes of atmospheric temperature because under increased atmospheric temperature a smaller ef-,

fective fluid pressure is maintained within the chamber M, and vice versa.

It will therefore be perceived that by the present invention means have been provided for automatically varying the absolute pressure existing in the evaporator with changes in atmospheric temperature, i. e. as the temperature of the outside air increases, the pressure, and therefore the temperature, in the evaporator is lowered, so as to increase the temperature differential between the outside air and the evaporator, and vice versa, and this has been effected by a device which is relatively simple in construction and which has parts that are inexpensive to manufacture and easy to' assemble.

predetermined by the adjustment of the abutment for the resilient means which-predetermines the action of the pressure responsive device, and thereafter the pressure will be accurately and automatically varied with the atmospheric temperature owing to the fact that the pressure required to close the valve is predetermined by the definite and invariable volumetric expansion and contraction of the liquid in the bulb' subjected to atmospheric temperature.

While the embodiments of the invention illustrated on the drawings have been described with considerable particularity, it is to be expressly understood that the invention is not to be restricted thereto, as the same is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions, some of which will now readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, while changes may be made in the details of construction, arrangement and proportion of the parts 'without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Nor is the invention to be restricted to' the particular use selected for exemplifying the utility of the construction described, as embodiments of the present invention may be applied to other uses as will now be apparent to those skilled in the art. Reference is therefore to be had to the appended claims for a definition of said invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and adapted to effect the opening and closing of said valve in response to changes of fluid pressure in the evaporator, resilient means cooperating with said pressure responsive device for predetermining the fluid pressure to be maintained thereby in the evaporator, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric tempera-'- ture outside of said space and acting in conjunction with said pressure responsive device to decrease the fluid pressure maintained by said pressure responsive device in the evaporator as the temperature of the atmosphere increases.

2. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and adapted to effect the opening and closing of said valve, resilient means cooperating with said pressure responsive device to predetermine the pressure to be maintained thereby in the evaporator, means to adjust the resilient pressure acting on said pressure responsive device to initially predetermine the pressure to be maintained thereby in the evaporator, and thermostatic means subjected to the temperature of the at rator subjected to the space to be refrigerated,

means for compensating for changes in the temincluding an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and adapted to effect the opening and closing of said valve, 9. spring exerting a predetermined pressure on said pressure responsive device, a second spring acting in opposition to said first named spring andr cooperating therewith whereby the pressure to be maintained by said pressure responsive device in said evaporator is determined by the difference in pressure exerted 'on said pressure responsive device by said two springs, and thermostatic'means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space for automatically varying the adjustment of one of said springs to vary the difference in pressure exerted by said springs on said pressure responsive device to decrease the pressure in said evaporator as a compensation for an increase in the temperature to which said thermostatic means is subjected.

4. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator for efiecting the opening and closing of said valve,

atmosphere is increased.

5. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and subjected to the pressure in the'evaporator for eifect'ing the opening and closing of said valve, a spring exerting a predetermined pressure on said pressure responsive device, a second spring acting in" opposition to said first named spring and.cooperating therewith whereby the pressure to be maintained by said pressure responsive device is determined by the difference in pressure exerted on said pressure responsive device by said two springs, a motor element providing a movable abutment individual to said second named spring, and a bulb subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space and communicating with said motor element and constituting therewith a thermostatic device for moving said abutment and varying the adjustment of said second named spring to decrease the diiference in pressure of said springs on said pressure responsive device as the temperature to which said bulb is subjected is increased.

6. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a flexible member associated with said valve and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator, a spring acting in opposition to said pressure and cooperating with said flexible member, a second spring cooperating with said flexible member and acting in opposition to said first named spring whereby the pressure to be maintained is balanced by the difierence in pressure exerted by said springs on said flexible member, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space for automatically decreasing the difference in pressure exerted by said springs upon increase of temperature at the thermostatic means thereby to automatically vary the pressure which will maintain a balanced pressure on said flexible member.

7. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator, a flexible member associated with said valve and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator, a spring acting in Opposition to said pressure and cooperating with said flexible member, a. second spring cooperating with said flexible member and acting in opposition to said first named spring whereby the pressure to be maintained is balanced by the difference in pressure exerted by said springs on said flexible member, a movable abutment individual to one of said springs, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space for-varying the position of said abutment to decrease said difference in pressure as said temperature increases.

8. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator including a valve casing provided with a valve seat, a valve member cooperating with said seat, a flexible member associated with said valve and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator, opposed resilient means cooperating with said flexible member and exerting a differential pressure thereon in opposition to the pressure of said fluid, a movable abutment individual to one of said resilient means, a motor vessel associated with said movable abutment, and a bulb subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space and communicating with said motor vessel, said bulb and motor element beingfilled with an expansible liquid whereby increase of temperature at said bulb expands said liquid and moves said abutment to decrease said difierential and decrease the fluid pressure in said evaporator required to maintain a balance on said flexible member.

cluding a valve casing provided with a valve port,

a valve member cooperating with said port and provided with a valve stem, a flexible member subjected to the pressure in said evaporator and associated with said stem, a spring cooperating with said flexible member and tending to move said valve in opposition to the pressure of said fluid, a second spring cooperating therewith to mdve said valve in opposition to said first named spring whereby the pressure of said fluid required to maintain a balance on said flexible member is determined by the difference in pressure of said springs, a movable abutment individual to one of said springs, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric pressure outside of said space and associated with said abutment for moving the same to vary the adjustment of said last named .spring in conformity with fluctuations of the temperature to which said thermostat is subjected whereby the diflerence in pressure exerted by said springs is decreased in conformity with increases of atmospheric temperature.

10. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated,

. eifecting the opening and closing of said valve,

resilient means cooperating with said pressure responsive device to predetermine the pressure to be maintained thereby, and thermostatic means subjected to the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space and cooperating with said resilient means to automatically decrease the resilient pressure exerted by said resilient means on said pressure responsive device as the atmospheric temperature increases whereby the pressure maintained by said pressure responsive device in the evaporator is respectively decreased and increased as the atmospheric temperature increases and decreases to compensate for said changes in atmospheric temperature.

11. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant 'to the evaporator including a valve member and its seat, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator for eifecting the opening and closing of said valve in response to changes of fluid pressure, opposed resilient means cooperating with said. pressure responsive device for opening and closing said valve upon predetermined changes in the fluid pressure acting on said pressure responsive device, a connection between said pressure responsive device and said valve member including a movable abutment for one of said resilient means, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space and acting on said movable abutment to vary the adjustment of said resilient means and decrease the fluid pressure required to maintain a balance of pressures on said pressure responsive device as the temperature of the atmosphere increases. I

12. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space means cooperating with said pressure responsive device for opening and closing said valve upon predetermined changes in the fluid pressure acting on said pressure responsive device, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space and acting independently of but in conjunction with said pressure responsive device to decrease-"the fluid pressure required to close said valve as the temperature of the atmosphere increases.

13. In a refrigerating system having an evaporator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator including a valve member and its seat, a pressure'responsive device associated therewith and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator for effecting the opening and closing of said valve in response to changes of fluid pressure, resilient means coop-- erating with said pressure responsive device for opening and closing said valve upon predetermined changes in the fluid pressure acting on said pressure responsive device, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space for relatively moving said valve member and its seat to decrease the eifect of said resilient means on increase in the temperature to which said thermostatic means is subjected and vice versa whereby changes of temperature at said thermostatic means modify the fluid pressure maintained in said evaporator to compensate for said changes. r

14. In a refrigerating system having an eva rator subjected to the space to be refrigerated, means for compensating for changes in the temperature of the atmosphere outside of said space including an expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator including a valve member and its seat, a pressure responsive device associated therewith and subjected to the pressure in the evaporator for effecting the opening and closing of said valve in response to changes of fluid pressure, opposed resilient means cooperating with said pressure responsive de vice for opening and closing said valve upon predetermined changes in the fluid pressure acting on said pressure responsive device, an adjustable abutment for one of said resilient means, and thermostatic means subjected to atmospheric temperature outside of said space and acting upon increase in temperature to adjust said abutment and decrease the effect of said resilient means whereby an increase in said temperature is accompanied by a compensatingdecrease in pressure in said evaporator.

- JOHN E. DUBE. 

